C Programming Full Course – Telugu Notes (Chapter-wise)

C Programming Full Course

Chapter 1: Introduction to C Programming

⭐ 1.1 What is Programming?

ప్రోగ్రామింగ్ అంటే కంప్యూటర్‌కు మనం చెప్పే సూచనలను (instructions) ఒక భాషలో రాయడం.
కంప్యూటర్ మన మాట అర్థం చేసుకోదు, కాబట్టి ప్రోగ్రామింగ్ లాంగ్వేజ్ అవసరం.

⭐ 1.2 Why C Language?

Fast & Powerful
System Programming (OS, Drivers)
Embedded Systems
Game Engines
Other Languages యొక్క Foundation (C++, Java, Python అంతా C మీద ఆధారపడి ఉన్నాయి)

⭐ 1.3 Features of C

Simple
Structured
Portable (any OS లో run అవుతుంది)
Mid-level Language
Efficient & Fast

⭐ 1.4 First C Program Structure


#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    printf("Hello C");
    return 0;
}

Explanation:

#include <stdio.h> – input/output functions ఇచ్చే header file
main() – program execution ఇక్కడే ప్రారంభం
printf() – output display
return 0; – program successfully completed అని కంప్యూటర్‌కి తెలియజేస్తుంది

📘 Chapter 2: Variables & Data Types

⭐ Variables

డేటా‌ని store చేసుకోవడానికి memory లో reserve చేసే పేరు.

Syntax:


datatype variablename;

⭐ Data Types in C

Type	Size	Example
int	2 or 4 bytes	10
float	4 bytes	3.14
double	8 bytes	10.4567
char	1 byte	'A'

⭐ Input / Output


scanf("%d", &a);
printf("%d", a);

📘 Chapter 3: Operators

Arithmetic: `+ - * / %`

Relational: `> < >= <= == !=`

Logical: `&& || !`

Assignment: `= += -= *=`

Increment / Decrement: `++ --`

📘 Chapter 4: Control Statements

if / else

switch

for loop

while

do-while

break, continue

📘 Chapter 5: Arrays

1D Array


int a[5];

2D Array


int a[3][3];

📘 Chapter 6: Strings


char name[20];
scanf("%s", name);
printf("%s", name);

Common Functions: strlen, strcpy, strcat, strcmp

📘 Chapter 7: Functions

User-defined functions
Call by value
Call by reference
Recursion

📘 Chapter 8: Pointers

Pointer basics
Pointer arithmetic
Arrays & pointers
Functions & pointers
Double pointers

📘 Chapter 9: Structures & Unions


struct student {
    int id;
    char name[20];
};

📘 Chapter 10: Dynamic Memory Allocation

malloc
calloc
realloc
free

📘 Chapter 11: File Handling

fopen, fclose
fgetc, fputc
fgets, fputs
fread, fwrite

📘 Chapter 12: Advanced C Concepts

Macros
Command line arguments
Preprocessor
Header file creation

🎓 Mini Projects

Student Management System
Library System
Billing System
ATM System
Contact Book

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